Criminal Law Topic: Fourth Amendment / Search and Seizure

A defendant’s prior refusal of a warrantless blood draw can lead to civil consequences like an IID order, and criminal charges for violating those civil consequences do not violate the Fourth Amendment under Birchfield, Dalton, or Forrett.

Google is a private actor when it scans user accounts for child sexual abuse material, so its searches do not trigger Fourth Amendment protections, and law enforcement can view the flagged files without a warrant under the private search doctrine.